長期間の習慣的な運動が中高年者の成人病
危険因子および体温調節能に及ぼす影響


滋賀県立大学 寄 本   明
(共同研究者) 同  岡 本 秀 己
愛東町保健センター 山 本 和 代
同  吉 岡 正 子

 


Effects of Habitual Exercise on Risk Factors
of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and
Thermoregulatory Ability in Middle Aged



by



Akira Yorimoto, Hidemi Okamoto
The University of Shiga Prefecture
Kazuyo Yamamoto, Masako Yoshioka
Aito Medical Center



ABSTRACT


A study was conducted to investigate the effects of habitual exercise on risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases and thermoregulatory ability in middle aded. Two different approaches were adopted for this purpose.
(1) The subjects were divided into two groups; a habitual exercise group of 75 women [ mean age (SD); 49.1 (7.7) years] , and a control group of 301 women [age 49.5 (8.4) years]. The former included subjects who regularly took walking exercise or enjoyed sports activities, and the latter those who did not undertake any physical exercise on a regular basis.
The serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were found to be significantly lower in the habitual exercise group than in the control group. Grip strengh and standing trunk flexion were significantly higher in the habitual exercise group than in the control group. Body temperature was lower and the body weight loss rate was higher in the habitual exercises than in the control group during walking exercise in a hot environment.
(2) Twenty-seven women [age 53.4 (8.2) years] followed a walking program for 20〜60 min more than 3 times a week for three months at an intensity level of 50%HRmax.
Following this walking, the distribution of body fat decreased significantly, but yhe serum TC, TG and HDL-cholesterol did not change significantly after three months. Grip strength, standing trunk flexion and jumping reaction time were increased significantly by walking exercise.
In conclusion, these results suggest that long-term low-intensity exercise can improve both the serum lipid profile and physical fitness.


 要 旨


 習慣的な運動が中高年者の成人病危険因子や体温調節能に及ぼす影響を検討するため、長期間(5.7±6.3年)、習慣的(週3.1±2.2日)に運動を実施している運動習慣者75名と非運動者301名を比較する横断的な研究と3カ月間の運動プログラム(ウォーキング)実施者27名による縦断的な研究を行なった。形態、血圧、血液諸成分、行動体力および体温調節能を観察した。
 体脂肪率は習慣的な運動実施者と非運動者に差は見られなかったが、3カ月間のウォーキング実施者で有意な低下を示し、脂肪量が減少した。HDL−Cは運動習慣者と非運動者で差が見られなかったが、TC、TG、動脈硬化指数AIの値は運動習慣者で低かった。運動習慣者およびウォーキング実施者に筋力、柔軟性、敏捷性の機能向上が認められた。運動習慣者は非運動者に比べ、ウォーキング時の体温上昇度は低く、体重減少率はわずかに大きい傾向にあった。
 これらのことより、中高年者にとってウォーキングのような比較的軽い運動であっても習慣化することにより成人病予防として効果のあることが示唆された。